What is CBT?

 

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is a structured, goal-oriented psychotherapy that focuses on the connection between thoughts, emotions, and behaviours. It helps people identify negative thought patterns and replace them with healthier ones.

 

Key Principles of CBT:

 

Identifies automatic negative thoughts

Challenges unhelpful beliefs

Uses practical coping strategies

Focuses on present issues rather than past experiences

Involves homework (e.g., journaling, exposure therapy)

 

Conditions Treated with CBT:

 

Anxiety disorders (GAD, panic disorder, OCD, PTSD)

Depression

Phobias

Insomnia

Chronic pain

Eating disorders

 

How Useful is CBT?

 

Strong evidence-based therapy with high success rates

Short-term (typically 6–20 sessions)

Empowers individuals with self-help tools

Can be done in-person, online, or via apps

CBT vs Counselling – Key Differences:

 

1. Approach

 

CBT: Structured, goal-oriented therapy

Counselling: Open-ended, client-led discussions

 

2. Focus

 

CBT: Present thoughts, beliefs, and behaviours

Counselling: Emotions, relationships, and self-exploration

 

3. Techniques Used

 

CBT: Thought-challenging, behavioural exercises, homework

Counselling: Active listening, reflection, emotional support

 

4. Conditions Treated

 

CBT: Anxiety, depression, OCD, PTSD, phobias, insomnia

Counselling: Grief, stress, relationship issues, life transitions

 

5. Homework & Practical Exercises

 

CBT: Yes – journaling, exposure therapy, behavioural experiments

Counselling: No structured homework, more conversational

 

6. Duration

 

CBT: Short-term (6–20 sessions)

Counselling: Can be short- or long-term, depending on needs

 

Dr Geranmayeh