Exercise has been shown to be an effective intervention for both depression and anxiety. Research indicates that physical activity can reduce symptoms of these mental health conditions to a similar extent as medication or therapy, especially for individuals with mild to moderate depression.

In the UK, exercise is often prescribed as part of a holistic approach to mental health, supported by guidelines from the NHS and NICE. This "social prescribing" encourages activities like walking, yoga, and team sports to help boost mood and improve mental well-being​.

Engaging in regular exercise can increase the release of endorphins and improve sleep, both of which contribute to better mental health outcomes. The greatest benefits have been observed in people with  depression, and those with chronic health conditions. For anxiety, mind-body exercises like yoga may offer the most significant relief​.

Engaging in various forms of exercise, such as aerobic activities (e.g., walking, running) and resistance training, can help alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety across different populations. High-intensity exercise appears to offer the greatest benefits, particularly for depression, though even moderate physical activity can provide substantial improvements​

Incorporating exercise into daily routines, even in small amounts, can provide substantial benefits. For those struggling with motivation, starting with shorter, enjoyable activities may be more sustainable and lead to greater adherence over time​.